Working Of Rotary Engine

Like a piston engine, the rotary engine uses the pressure created when a combination of air and fuel is burned. In a piston engine, that pressure is contained in the cylinders and forces pistons to move back and forth. The connecting rods and crankshaft convert the reciprocating motion of the pistons into rotational motion that can be used to power a car.
In a rotary engine, the pressure of combustion is contained in a chamber formed by part of the housing and sealed in by one face of the triangular rotor, which is what the engine uses instead of pistons.

The rotor follows a path that looks like something you'd create with a Spirograph. This path keeps each of the three peaks of the rotor in contact with the housing, creating three separate volumes of gas. As the rotor moves around the chamber, each of the three volumes of gas alternately expands and contracts. It is this expansion and contraction that draws air and fuel into the engine, compresses it and makes useful power as the gases expand, and then expels the exhaust.
We'll be taking a look inside a rotary engine to check out the parts, but first let's take a look at a new model car with an all-new rotary engine.

Working

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Non-conventional Enery sources

SOLAR POND
The sun is the largest source of renewable energy and this energy is available in all parts of the earth. It is in fact one of the best alternatives to the non-renewable sources of energy.Solar ponds are large-scale energy collectors with integral heat storage for supplying thermal energy.
In an ordinary pond, the sun’s rays heat the water and the heated water from within the pond rises and reaches the top but loses the heat into the atmosphere. The net result is that the pond water remains at the atmospheric temperature. The solar pond restricts this tendency by dissolving salt in the bottom layer of the pond making it too heavy to rise.Salinity gradient solar pond are essentially low cost solar collector with integrated storage and hence are potential, cheaper alternatives to flat plate collector system in suitable location. solar pond is large reservoier of saline water with the exeptation that a specific salinity or density profile is artificially created and maintained in the pond. A solar pond has three zones. The top zone is the surface zone, or UCZ (Upper Convective Zone), which is at atmospheric temperature and has little salt content. The bottom zone is very hot, 70°– 85° C, and is very salty. It is this zone that collects and stores solar energy in the form of heat, and is, therefore, known as the storage zone or LCZ (Lower Convective Zone). Separating these two zones is the important gradient zone or NCZ (Non-Convective Zone). Here the salt content increases as depth increases, thereby creating a salinity or density gradient. If we consider a particular layer in this zone, water of that layer cannot rise, as the layer of water above has less salt content and is, therefore, lighter. Similarly, the water from this layer cannot fall as the water layer below has a higher salt content and is, therefore, heavier. This gradient zone acts as a transparent insulator permitting sunlight to reach the bottom zone but also entrapping it there. The trapped (solar) from the pond in the form of hot brine from the storage zone.
Solar ponds have several advantages. They have a low cost per unit area of collection and an inherent storage capacity. Also, they can be easily constructed over large areas, enabling the diffuse solar resource to be concentrated on a grand scale.

APPLICATION

POWER PRODUCTION

This is the most attractive feature as far as our stat is consider. We have been excessively relying on the availability of monsoon to cater one energy requirements. the uncertainty of monsoon and the increase in power requirements has led to the search for various other methods of production.

the solar pond are viable proposition,where sufficient solar energy is available and a large pond can be created. To generate electricity,heat stored in pond water is piped to an evaporator in which organic fluid are heated and converted into gaseous states (organic fluid are used since their boiling points is much less than that of water . liquid FERON is most widely used organic fluid). The pressure generated by the runs turbine by which electricity is produced . It has also provided economical, but the production cost is slighter higher than the hydroelectric power projects. However this process can produce large quantities of solar power.

SWIMMING POOL HEATING
The earliest recorded use of solar pond was that of heat the roman baths 25 (m) years ago. But today the improved technology of the solar pond makes it easier an provides for efficient heating of swimming pool as well as domestic water heating.

in houses and swimming pool waters required at temperatures of about 30-40 degree Celsius. The water can be hated in heat exchangers. The Miamisburge pond in U S A, which has an area of about 2000 squares meter and depth of 3m, was constructed to heat and out door swimming pool and a recreational building in winter. It has proved to be very cost effective.

Hydrogen as a Fuel

The best pollution-free alternative to batteries while still using clean electric motors is the hydrogen fuel cell. Hydrogen-powered "fuel cells hold enormous promise as a power source for a future generation of cars" (Zygmont 20). They do not have the restraints that batteries do, either.

Hydrogen is consumed by a pollution-free chemical reaction--not combustion--in a fuel cell. The fuel cell simply combines hydrogen and oxygen chemically to produce electricity, water, and waste heat (MacKenzie 62-3). Nothing else. And hydrogen is the most abundant element in the universe, constituting about 93% of all atoms. "It is found in water (H20), fossil fuels (basically, compounds of hydrogen and carbon), and all plants and animals" (61). "What better replacement for finite, nonrenewable gasoline?" (Zygmont 20). "Hydrogen has often been called the perfect fuel. Its major reserve on earth (water) is inexhaustible. The use of hydrogen is compatible with nature, rather than intrusive. We will never run out of hydrogen" (NHA).

Ford to attempt land speed record for production-based fuel cell powered vehicle at Bonneville with the Ford Fusion Hydrogen 999.

Like electricity, hydrogen is an energy carrier and must be produced from another substance. Hydrogen is not widely used today but it has great potential as an energy carrier in the future. Hydrogen can be produced from a variety of resources (water, fossil fuels, biomass) and is a byproduct of other chemical processes. Unlike electricity, large quantities of hydrogen can be easily stored to be used in the future. Hydrogen can also be used in places where it’s hard to use electricity. Hydrogen can store the energy until it’s needed and can be moved to where it’s needed.